Chatbot Predicts Why People Share Secrets with ChatGPT

In the 60’s those years ELIZA has had an impact on mathematics and culture, the common story shows as an early example of what we now call. chatbotswho can speak like a psychologist. A simple cheat program is known to “fool” even the author who saw MIT professor Joseph Weizenbaum create it. That’s how the story goes.

However, in all these accounts, even if they have been changed in all programming languages ​​and research areas, in classes and popular culture – one important part of the story is missing: the source of the ELIZA program itself. Our new book, Creating ELIZAretrieves this code from the MIT Archives, and provides for the first time a reading and discussion of that code along with newly published discussions of ELIZA’s writings beyond the famous “DOCTOR”.

The research revealed many ELIZAs: in its various programs, designed to manage documents or different people, built using technical tools. Creating ELIZA seeks to correct and debunk the history of ELIZA and its influence by investigating misconceptions, multiple versions, and the missing ELIZA number. In this article from the book, we see one of the first efforts of ELIZA, how it laid the foundation for the relationship between people and computers for many years to come, and how the complex project continues to speak to the inevitable drive of the AI ​​industry today.

Men and all the same.

IN THE WAY

They are always bothering us about something or the other.

CAN YOU THINK OF AN EXAMPLE

Well, my boyfriend made me come here.

YOUR FRIEND MADE YOU COME HERE

They say I get upset most of the time.

I HEAR YOU WONDERFULLY

This article has been reprinted many times and has inspired programmers and writers to dream up many chatbots that follow. However, the more we examine the conversation, the more questions arise: Who was this girl? Was he a real person, or was he an invention of ELIZA creator Joseph Weizenbaum? How did the ELIZA process produce its results, and how many changes were made? Why did this plan work so well to attract people?

ELIZA, and her “DOCTOR”, helped promote ideas and concerns about the relationship between humans and computers. Weizenbaum explored this in his 1976 book Computer Power and Human Thinkinginfluencing intellectual, moral, and political ideas. The unique interaction of the machine provided by his program revealed how new forms of human-computer interaction could have a profound effect on what he tried to explore and compete with. After seeing the public’s reception, Weizenbaum was surprised by the quick and frequent connection people made with ELIZA, which he saw as “clear evidence that people talk to computers as if they were a person who could be spoken to effectively and helpfully with love.” The practice of philanthropy and putting private thoughts on the computer surprised Weizenbaum. He was concerned with how people relate to logic and calculation, and he said that understanding is the intelligence of absent computers.

This practice became known as “ELIZA results.” By 1991 the term was appearing in Internet forums, but its use had been around for decades. A sociologist Sherry Turkle ELIZA defines the “ELIZA habit” as “our tendency to view computer programs as more intelligent than they are.” Cognitive and computer scientist Douglas Hofstadter explains that it is “human risk to read more clearly than symbols – especially words – put together by computers,” which are easily handled by today’s AI machines.

To understand the power and annoyance of ELIZA, we can look to the well-known problem that computer scientist Alan Turing wrote in the article “Computing and Intelligence Systems,” in which Turing asked the question “Can Machines Think? Turing started his experiment on the attic game—not a technical one but a gender one: A man and a woman are hidden in separate rooms and an interviewer tries to figure out who it is by asking them a series of questions. The man tries to mislead the interviewer, pretending to be a woman, while the woman tries to convince the interviewer of the “correct” answer. That is, both of them claim to be a “real” woman, a challenge to essentialist notions of gender.