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Iran has presented a new 14-point proposal to the United States in the latest diplomatic step to reach the end of the world. warwhich has revealed the limits of US military power and shaken the world economy.
Responding to the new request on Saturday, US President Donald Trump said he was considering but not sure if he could make a deal with Iran, a day after expressing disappointment with Tehran’s earlier offer through Pakistan’s mediator.
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Late on Thursday, Tehran sent a proposal to Pakistan, prompting the two sides to agree on a ceasefire. According to the Iranian newspaper Tasnim, the 14-point plan was prepared following the US’s nine-point plan.
But in the weeks since the ceasefire began on April 8, Washington and Tehran have been unable to negotiate a peace deal. Tehran is seeking an end to the conflict, with Trump insisting that Iran begin to block the Strait of Hormuz, through which a fifth of the world’s oil and gas exports. The US president has also made the issue of Iran’s nuclear power a “red line”.
The closure of Iran in the crisis was caused by the US and Israel to launch an attack on the country on February 28. The closure of the sea ports of Iran by the Trump administration, despite the ceasefire agreement, has increased tensions.
The US and Iran have continued to attack, seize, and block each other’s ships, which indicates that the ongoing naval war is taking place in the Strait of Hormuz.
So what is the new proposal, and should President Trump approve it?
Here’s what we know:
What is Iran’s proposal for a 14-point ceasefire?
According to Iranian media reports, Tehran’s new decision came in response to a nine-point peace proposal backed by Washington, which mainly called for a two-month ceasefire.
However, in its latest peace proposal, Iran has said it wants to focus on ending the war rather than expanding the deal and wants everything to be resolved within 30 days.
The new proposal calls for guarantees against future attacks, the withdrawal of US troops from around Iran, the release of billions of dollars worth of Iranian assets and the lifting of sanctions, the withdrawal of hostilities, the elimination of all weapons, including in Lebanon, and the “new Strait of Hormuz”.
Iran, which was attacked again by the US and Israel last June, is seeking assurances against future aggression. Israel has previously targeted Iranian nuclear scientists and waged a campaign to destroy its nuclear facilities.
Tehran also wants its right to enrich uranium guaranteed as a signatory to the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT), but Trump has made the nuclear issue a “red line”. Iran wants decades of sanctions, which have crippled its economy, to be lifted as part of any deal. Hard marches and demands for war reparations are other sticking points in the negotiations.
According to a report by Iran’s state-run IRIB news agency, after making the proposal, Deputy Foreign Minister Kazem Gharibabadi said, “Now the ball is in the court of the United States to decide whether to negotiate or continue the conflict.”
Paul Musgrave, an associate professor of government at Georgetown University in Qatar, said Iran had “softened a little bit” of its request.
“The news that has been reported on this issue shows that there is a slight softening of the idea, or a rush to discuss the idea, that the Iranian side may have abandoned its demand that the US stop the blockade of Iranian traffic (in the Strait of Hormuz),” he told Al Jazeera.
“Furthermore, many of the issues in question include maintaining Iran’s ability to enrich uranium, its nuclear program and what it calls a “control system” for shipping in the Strait of Hormuz.
Musgrave said that for two main reasons – uranium enrichment and the transfer of highly enriched uranium – the US and Iran are becoming “far apart”.
“President Trump has been refusing to allow Iran to give up its nuclear capabilities,” he said.
Kenneth Katzman, a senior fellow at the New York-based Soufan Center, said Trump’s mistrust of Trump remains a major obstacle.
“The difference on the nuclear issue is really … not a big difference.” It’s still big, but it can be reduced. The issue is that Iran is really suspicious of Trump and the United States and does not want to move, in fact, to fully negotiate until this blockade is lifted,” he said.
“That’s a problem that will cause the US to step up. As Trump knows, he has to break Iran’s control over the strait, so there is a problem.”
Katzman said that while both sides are “disappointed”, there is no chance of abandoning the talks any time soon.
How did the US respond?
Trump said he was reviewing Iran’s demands, but warned that Washington could resume attacks if Tehran “gets it wrong”.
Speaking to reporters in Florida before boarding Air Force One on Saturday, Mr Trump confirmed that he had been briefed on “the idea of a deal”.
Despite the opening of the embassy, the President did not make clear the possibility of violence that has stopped since the ceasefire period.
“If they do something wrong, it’s going to happen,” Trump said when asked if the strikes would resume.
Trump added that the US is “doing very well” and said that Iran wants to end it because the country has been “destroyed” by months of conflict and the blockade of the sea.
Trita Parsi from the Quincy Institute for Responsible Statecraft told Al Jazeera that the economic cost of the closure of Iran’s ports has exceeded what the White House expected and said that the major damage to the US may have been more significant.
“Iran has been under economic sanctions and sanctions for 47 years,” Parsi told Al Jazeera. “None of them have succeeded in crushing the Iranian people or forcing them to surrender,” he said.
Writing on Truth Social later on Saturday, Trump said it was difficult to imagine that Iran’s proposal would be accepted because Tehran “has not yet paid the full price for what it has done to Humanity, and the World, over the last 47 years”.
Trump seems to have refused the new Iranian concept “without reading it or being briefed”, according to Musgrave from Georgetown University.
What are the previous peace ideas for conflict resolution?
Iran’s latest decision comes amid a fragile three-week deal that began on April 8 and has put a pause in the US-Israel war on Iran.
A day before the ceasefire, Iran proposed a 10-point peace deal systemwhich included an end to the conflict in the region, a plan to successfully pass through the Strait of Hormuz, the lifting of sanctions and reconstruction, the IRNA news agency reported.
Trump had said that the 10-point plan on Iran was an “important idea” but “not enough”.
The April 7 proposal from Iran came in response to a 15 point plan recorded by the US on March 25.
Washington’s plan included a month-long ceasefire while the two sides negotiated an end to the war, via Pakistan.
According to Israel’s Channel 12, it also included the dismantling of Iran’s nuclear facilities at Natanz, Isfahan and Fordow, a permanent commitment from Iran not to develop nuclear weapons, the provision of Iran’s stockpile of enriched uranium to the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), a commitment from Iran to allow the United Nations to oversee all remaining nuclear weapons and eliminate nuclear weapons. all sanctions on Iran, along with the end of the UN mechanism that allows sanctions to be reinstated.
Iran, however, rejected the plan and said a long-term suspension would give the US and Israel time to re-evaluate other threats and develop its 10-point plan.
How are things on the ground now?
Despite the end, the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) said on Saturday it would remain “on standby” to return to the war, citing the US’s non-commitment to previous agreements.
Writing on X Sunday, the IRGC intelligence agency said, “There is only one way to calculate this: Trump must choose between an impossible war or a bad deal with the Islamic Republic of Iran. The decision-making space of the US has diminished.”
The tension is further exacerbated by technical obstacles to reopening the Strait of Hormuz, including the presence of Iranian mines. Tehran has shut down the crisis since the war began on February 28, raising oil and gas prices around the world.
In an effort to force Iran to open the route, the US blocked all Iranian ports on April 13, triggering an oil and gas crisis. On Friday, Brent crude, the international benchmark, was at $111.29 per barrel at 08:08 GMT, compared to around $65 before the war.
Tensions have also been exacerbated by Trump’s recent comments about the US military shutdown as “very profitable business”.
“We took the goods. We took the oil, a very profitable business. Who would have thought, we are like pirates, but we don’t play,” Trump said on Saturday at an event held in the US state of Florida.
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Tehran quoted the statement, calling it a “bad admission of piracy”.
Parsi from the Quincy Institute told Al Jazeera that the US military blockade of Iran has backfired on Trump and is making the situation worse.
“Negotiations were ongoing and would continue even after the shutdown,” he said.
“The blockade has nothing to do with the Iranians sitting at the table. If anything, it’s hindering diplomatic progress more than anything else,” Parsi said.
He said that Trump actually got his biggest advantage through the pre-election talks.
“When he managed to end the war, the main pressure on him, the war itself and the way it raised gas prices, was removed. If he had stayed in it and used the time to his advantage, he would have been much stronger against the Iranians, because the Iranians could not get the most important thing they wanted: sanctions relief.”
Instead, by imposing a barrier, Trump took more oil out of the market.
“Oil prices are now much higher during the end of the war than they were during the war itself. All these economic indicators show that the shutdown will make things more difficult for Trump,” said Parsi.
However, Trump has been looking for solutions to the oil crisis, including the establishment of a maritime agreement called the Maritime Freedom Construct (MFC) to restore freedom of navigation in the Strait of Hormuz.
According to US media reports, the main function of the maritime cooperation would be to share intelligence between member states, coordinate diplomatic efforts, and establish sanctions to manage the movement.
